Tuesday, July 5, 2022
No Result
View All Result
Medical Finance
  • Home
  • News
  • Interviews
  • Mediknowledge
  • Insights From Industry
  • Thought Leaders
  • Coronavirus
  • Whitepapers
  • Home
  • News
  • Interviews
  • Mediknowledge
  • Insights From Industry
  • Thought Leaders
  • Coronavirus
  • Whitepapers
No Result
View All Result
Medical Finance
No Result
View All Result
Home Coronavirus

Evaluating effectiveness of the COVID-19 mRNA-1273 vaccine against Omicron and Delta variants

by Medical Finance
in Coronavirus
Study: Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 against SARS-CoV-2 omicron and delta variants. Image Credit: Studio Romantic/Shutterstock
9
SHARES
105
VIEWS
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

In a study recently published on the medRxiv* pre-print server, a team of researchers investigated the effectiveness of one to three doses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA-1273 vaccine against the highly mutated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant vis-à-vis the Delta variant in a large, diverse, socio-economic population in Southern California. 

Study: Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 against SARS-CoV-2 omicron and delta variants. Image Credit: Studio Romantic/ShutterstockStudy: Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 against SARS-CoV-2 omicron and delta variants. Image Credit: Studio Romantic/Shutterstock


Although data on real-world vaccine effectiveness (VE) of mRNA-1273 against Omicron infections is limited, several past studies have reported high and durable VE of mRNA-1273 against COVID-19 due to other severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, including the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant.

About the study

In the present study, researchers assessed the VE against Omicron and Delta variant-induced infection as well as hospitalization, including among immunocompromised individuals.

The authors collected test-positive and test-negative samples (controls) of individuals over 18 years between 6-23 December 2021. Randomly sampled test negative controls were 5:1 matched to test-positive cases by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and specimen collection date. Matching among test samples was conducted separately for the 1-, 2-, and 3-dose VE analysis.

The researchers confirmed test-positive cases by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and variant infection by spike (S) gene status. Since Omicron has a mutated S protein, Omicron-positive test samples exhibited S gene target failure (SGTF), used as a marker for Omicron in study analyses, which showed the proportion of SGTF among SARS-CoV-2 positive samples increased from 2.7% to 83.9% during the study period.

Results

During the study period, an unprecedented increase in Omicron infections raised concerns over protection conferred by currently used COVID-19 vaccines. 

The two- and three-dose mRNA-1273 analyses showed that compared to the Delta variant cases, Omicron cases appeared more frequently in the younger population and individuals with a history of COVID-19.

Subsequently, the results of two-dose and three-dose analyses among 18-44 year-olds showed 73.9% and 73.2% of Omicron cases, respectively, compared to 59.2% and 61.4% of Delta cases. Moreover, 13.0% and 14.9% of Omicron cases in the 2- and 3-dose analyses, respectively, had a history of COVID-19 versus 1.7% and 2.2% of Delta cases. Overall, the 1- dose VE was 60.2% and 20.3%, the 2-dose VE was 60.7% and 0.0%, and the 3-dose VE was 95.2% and 62.5% against the Delta and Omicron infection, respectively.

In analyses of two-dose VE against Delta and Omicron infection, VE against Delta declined slowly from 82.8% at 14-90 days to 52.9% in ~270 days, and VE against Omicron declined sharply from 30.4% at 14-90 days to 0% in 180 days. After the third dose, VE against Delta infection was more than 90%, regardless of the time of receipt of the vaccine dose. However, VE against Omicron fell sharply after the third dose from 63.6% (after 20 October 2021) to 39.1% (on or before 20 October 2021). VE against Omicron infection increased to 49.0% among immunocompetent individuals who received the third dose on or before 20 October 2021.

Individuals vaccinated with three vaccine doses were not hospitalized, regardless of Omicron or Delta variant infection. However, among individuals vaccinated with one or two vaccine doses, four Delta-infected and two Omicron-infected individuals were hospitalized. 

The VE of the third dose against the Delta variant was more than 95% across age, sex, and race/ethnicity groups but only 72.2% in the immunocompromised population. In adults over 65 years, the VE of dose three against the Omicron variant was 63.1%. However, it was 11.5% in the immunocompromised individuals and 63.6% in the immunocompetent individuals.

Conclusions 

In summary, the study findings demonstrated while the VE of two doses of mRNA-1273 waned against the Delta variant, it remained high and durable after three doses. Contrastingly, VE of both two- and three doses of mRNA-1273 remained low against the Omicron variant, demonstrating that protection against Omicron waned quickly within three months after the second dose, suggesting the need for a shorter time interval between the second and booster doses. As VE against Omicron infection was particularly low among immunocompromised individuals, the authors recommend a fourth vaccine dose (booster) for this at-high risk population. 

The researchers recommend that the emergence of newer SARS-CoV-2 variants and VE against Omicron are continually monitored, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, as surveillance would help devise robust vaccination strategies in the future. They also recommended a long-term follow-up to evaluate the durability of the third dose of a vaccine in preventing infection and hospitalization among adults and immunocompromised individuals.

Total
0
Shares
Share 0
Tweet 0
Pin it 0
Share 0
Medical Finance

Medical Finance

Related Posts

Researchers analyze the role of self-deception in everyday life

Potential Covid-19 vaccine may offer an inexpensive, easy-to-store alternative to RNA vaccines

by Medical Finance
July 5, 2022
0

While many people in wealthier countries have been vaccinated against Covid-19, there is still a need for vaccination in much...

Surveying communities may be a useful tool for predicting COVID-19 case trajectories

Study clarifies sex-based burdens during the pandemic, raises awareness for menstrual equity

by Medical Finance
July 5, 2022
0

Income loss was a strong predictor of menstrual product insecurity across the U.S. during COVID-19, and populations with lower incomes...

Study: Emergence and Spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Alberta Communities Revealed by Wastewater Monitoring. Image Credit: boonchoke / Shutterstock.com

Wastewater monitoring reveals emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in Alberta

by Medical Finance
July 5, 2022
0

The onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to scientific progress in wastewater-based surveillance of community infections. Moreover,...

Study: Diagnostic accuracy of age-adjusted D-dimer for pulmonary embolism among Emergency Department patients with suspected SARS-COV-2: A Canadian COVID-19 Emergency Department Rapid Response Network study. Image Credit: Lightspring / Shutterstock.com

Accurate detection of D-dimer for pulmonary embolism among ER patients with suspected COVID-19

by Medical Finance
July 5, 2022
0

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has been caused by the rapid spread of the severe acute respiratory...

Study: Time-Varying Death Risk After SARS-CoV-2-Infection in Swedish Long-Term Care Facilities. Image Credit: triocean / Shutterstock.com

No excess mortality observed in long-term care residents who survived acute SARS-CoV-2 infection

by Medical Finance
July 5, 2022
0

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has...

Study: Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Gene Variants in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children. Image Credit: Bernard Chantal/Shutterstock

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome as a late complication in COVID-19 infected children

by Medical Finance
July 5, 2022
0

In a recent study published in Biology* researchers determined the immune signature of the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C)...

Next Post
Sino Biological Invests Over 200M RMB to Establish New Subsidiaries in Taizhou and Suzhou, China.

Sino Biological Invests Over 200M RMB to Establish New Subsidiaries in Taizhou and Suzhou, China.

Study: Defining Factors that Influence vaccine-induced, cross-variant neutralizing antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 in Asians. Image Credit: PIC SNIPE/Shutterstock

Factors influencing cross-protective serological immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants in Asians

0 0 votes
Article Rating
Subscribe
Login
Notify of
guest
guest
0 Comments
Inline Feedbacks
View all comments

Support

  • Contact
  • Disclaimer
  • Home
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms And Conditions

Categories

  • Coronavirus
  • Insights From Industry
  • Interviews
  • Mediknowledge
  • News
  • Thought Leaders
  • Whitepapers

More News

  • Study: Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibodies and Binding Antibodies to Domains of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in COVID-19 Survivors. Image Credit: Kateryna Kon / Shutterstock.com
    Neutralizing antibody levels to different SARS-CoV-2 epitopes fluctuate over time
  • Research maxuser 277becd3c39c433e98b633eaebf66b0e 620x480
    seqWell and Element Biosciences partner to demonstrate sequencing performance of multiplexed plexWell technology with the AVITI System
  • Home
  • Privacy Policy
  • Contact
  • Disclaimer
  • Terms And Conditions

© 2022 Medical Finance - Latest Financial and Business News

No Result
View All Result
  • Interviews
  • Mediknowledge
  • News
  • Insights From Industry
  • Coronavirus
  • Thought Leaders
  • Whitepapers
wpDiscuz
0
0
Would love your thoughts, please comment.x
()
x
| Reply